{"id":58182,"date":"2022-12-27T05:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-27T03:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/?p=58182"},"modified":"2025-07-03T11:24:22","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T10:24:22","slug":"the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 ou forcing de manche \u00e0 C\u0153ur"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Le 2♦️ forcing de manche, tant d\u00e9cri\u00e9, est-il vou\u00e9 \u00e0 une mort prochaine ? Pas s\u00fbr ! On peut continuer \u00e0 l\u2019associer au 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on performante, \u00e0 condition de r\u00e9aliser quelques am\u00e9nagements. Apr\u00e8s 2♣️, la redemande naturelle \u00e0 2♥️ doit pr\u00e9parer soit une redemande fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9, soit une redemande forcing de manche. Suivez-nous attentivement et vous en serez bient\u00f4t convaincu(e) !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

1. Les diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les Carreaux sont la couleur mal aim\u00e9e de notre syst\u00e8me, celle qui pose probl\u00e8me. La r\u00e9ponse de 5♦️ au Blackwood est moins agr\u00e9able que celle de 5♣️, la s\u00e9quence 1♦️-1♥️-3♦️ est beaucoup plus difficile \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier que 1♣️-1♥️-3♣️. Les r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 l\u2019ouverture de 2♦️ \u00e9l\u00e8vent malencontreusement le palier des ench\u00e8res, l\u00e0 o\u00f9 l\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ apporte beaucoup plus de souplesse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans ces conditions, certains ont choisi d\u2019inverser les deux ouvertures fortes, 2♣️ et 2♦️, 2♣️ devenant forcing de manche et 2♦️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9. D\u2019autres ont pris l\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ comme un fourre-tout (fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 ou forcing de manche), solution imparfaite et surtout trop difficile \u00e0 ma\u00eetriser, en tous cas pour moi. D\u2019autres encore, forts de leur Gazzilli, ont supprim\u00e9 l\u2019ouverture \u201cfort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9\u201d, pour se contenter d\u2019une ouverture de 2♣️ forcing de manche : 2♦️ devient alors soit une ouverture faible \u00e0 Carreau, dans le m\u00eame esprit que celles de 2♥️ ou 2♠️, soit l\u2019expression d\u2019un jeu r\u00e9gulier 18-19H, \u201c\u00e0 l\u2019italienne\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je me suis essay\u00e9 \u00e0 chacun de ces diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes, pour arriver \u00e0 la conclusion que notre bon vieux syst\u00e8me \u201c\u00e0 la fran\u00e7aise\u201d, 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 associ\u00e9 au 2♦️ forcing de manche, \u00e9tait la meilleure solution. En voici quelques raisons :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1) L\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 couvre une zone assez large (18-23H), elle est d\u2019une utilisation beaucoup plus fr\u00e9quente que l\u2019ouverture de 2♦️ forcing de manche, 24+H ou l\u2019\u00e9quivalent en lev\u00e9es de jeu. On ne peut pas s\u2019en passer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) L\u2019ouverture de 2♦️ est particuli\u00e8rement nocive \u00e0 l\u2019atout C\u0153ur. Commencer une s\u00e9quence par 2♦️-2♥️-3♥️ ne laisse aucune flexibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019expression du soutien. Si vous supprimez les C\u0153urs de l\u2019ouverture de 2♦️ forcing de manche, les d\u00e9veloppements sont aussi simples et ma\u00eetris\u00e9s apr\u00e8s l\u2019ouverture de 2♦️ forcing de manche qu\u2019apr\u00e8s celle de 2♣️ forcing de manche.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3) L\u2019ouverture de 2♦️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 prive de la s\u00e9quence 2♣️-2♦️-2♥️, ce qui a pour cons\u00e9quence imm\u00e9diate la suppression des ouvertures fortes en mineure. L\u2019inversion co\u00fbte plus qu\u2019elle ne rapporte, il faut simplement r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me des C\u0153urs !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est ce que je vous propose ici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

2. Rappel de la d\u00e9finition de l\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

L\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 classique couvre plusieurs types de jeux, tous d\u00e9finis avec pr\u00e9cision, le plus souvent d\u00e8s la redemande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) Redemandes \u00e0 2♥️ et 2♠️<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elles expriment soit six cartes dans la majeure de 18 \u00e0 21H, soit cinq cartes de 21 \u00e0 23H. Les distributions 5-4 sont autoris\u00e9es (21-23H) mais les distributions 6-4 exclues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exemples :<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

b) Redemande \u00e0 2SA (22-23H, r\u00e9guliers).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

La force du jeu et la distribution sont mieux pr\u00e9cis\u00e9es que par une redemande \u00e0 2♥️<\/strong>. Un exemple choisi avec pr\u00e9m\u00e9ditation, bient\u00f4t il n\u2019y aura pas d\u2019alternative !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c) Redemandes au palier de 3.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce sont deux unicolores \u00e9valu\u00e9s en lev\u00e9es de jeu :\u00b7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Huit et demie \u00e0 neuf lev\u00e9es en mineure, redemandes \u00e0 3♣️ et \u00e0 3♦️.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Huit \u00e0 huit lev\u00e9es et demie en majeure, redemandes \u00e0 3♥️<\/strong> et \u00e0 3♠️.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n
    \n
    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

    Tout est dit .<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

    Bien difficile \u00e0 ench\u00e9rir apr\u00e8s une ouverture de 1♣️.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    d) Redemandes \u00e0 4♣️ et 4♦️.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Elles expriment des bicolores majeurs 6-5 de moins de quatre perdantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • 4♣️<\/strong>\u2192six C\u0153urs et cinq Piques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 4♦️<\/strong>\u2192six Piques et cinq C\u0153urs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n
      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      e) Redemande \u00e0 3SA.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Une ench\u00e8re conventionnelle souvent mal utilis\u00e9e. Elle exprime un unicolore mineur septi\u00e8me solide et des petits honneurs dispers\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Retenez d\u00e9j\u00e0 qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019exclusion de la redemande \u00e0 2♥️<\/strong>, toutes les ench\u00e8res recens\u00e9es ci-dessus sont inchang\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      <\/div>\n\n\n\n

      3. La s\u00e9quence 2♣️<\/strong>-2♦️<\/strong>-2♥️<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      L\u2019ench\u00e8re de 2♥️<\/strong> est toujours naturelle<\/strong>, au moins cinq cartes, mais pr\u00e9pare soit une redemande fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9, soit une redemande forcing de manche. Pour lever cette ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 et avoir des pr\u00e9cisions sur la distribution de l\u2019ouvreur, le r\u00e9pondant fait un relais \u00e0 2♠️ (voir en fin d\u2019article Pour en savoir plus<\/em>). Sur 2♠️, toutes les ench\u00e8res autres que 3♥️ sont forcing de manche<\/strong>, 3♥️<\/strong><\/strong> est la seule ench\u00e8re qui rel\u00e8ve d\u2019une ouverture de 2♣️<\/strong><\/strong> fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 et qui garantit six cartes \u00e0 C\u0153ur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      La s\u00e9quence:<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Montre six cartes \u00e0 C\u0153ur et 18-21H. Exemple : ♠️<\/strong>10 ♥️<\/strong>RDV1087 ♦️<\/strong><\/strong>AD6 ♣️<\/strong><\/strong>AD5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Toutes les redemandes qui suivent sont naturelles et forcing de manche, \u00e9valu\u00e9es, selon la distribution, en points d\u2019honneurs (24H et plus), en lev\u00e9es de jeu (neuf ou plus) ou en perdantes (moins de quatre). Exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Distribution r\u00e9guli\u00e8re 5-3-3-2 ou 6-3-2-2. Sur 2SA, toutes les ench\u00e8res sont naturelles, couleurs cinqui\u00e8mes (voir en fin d\u2019article Pour en savoir plus<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Bicolore C\u0153ur-Tr\u00e8fle, 5+-4+<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u2019avantage du syst\u00e8me est \u00e9vident. On peut appr\u00e9cier l\u2019espace gagn\u00e9 dans la s\u00e9quence 2♣️<\/strong><\/strong>-2♦️<\/strong><\/strong>-2♥️<\/strong>-2♠️<\/strong> compar\u00e9e \u00e0 2♦️<\/strong><\/strong>-2♥️<\/strong>-3♥️<\/strong>-3♠️<\/strong>-4♣️<\/strong><\/strong> ou, pire, 2♦️<\/strong><\/strong>-2♥️<\/strong>-3♥️<\/strong>-4♦️<\/strong><\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Bicolore C\u0153ur-Carreau, 5+-4+.<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Bicolore C\u0153ur-Pique, 5+-4.<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Bicolore C\u0153ur-Tr\u00e8fle, 6-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Une ench\u00e8re conventionnelle :<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Elle montre un unicolore \u00e0 C\u0153ur forcing de manche et forcing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Exemple : ♠️<\/strong>AR ♥️<\/strong>ARV109542 ♦️<\/strong><\/strong>2 ♣️<\/strong><\/strong>A3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Sur 3SA, toutes les ench\u00e8res du r\u00e9pondant sont des contr\u00f4les dans une main positive, 4♥️<\/strong> \u00e9tant un coup de frein qui ne promet pas un soutien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Corollaire<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      La redemande fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 \u00e0 3♥️<\/strong> garantit six cartes. Dans la zone du fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 avec cinq cartes \u00e0 C\u0153ur, 21-23H, il faut soit ouvrir de 1♥️<\/strong> avec une distribution bicolore, soit ouvrir de 2♣️<\/strong><\/strong> et redemander \u00e0 2SA avec une distribution r\u00e9guli\u00e8re. Exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
      <\/div>\n\n\n\n

      4. Pour en savoir plus<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Le relais \u00e0 2♠️<\/strong> n\u2019est pas la seule r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la disposition du r\u00e9pondant mais c\u2019est l\u2019ench\u00e8re la plus \u00e9conomique et la plus s\u00fbre pour conna\u00eetre le jeu de l\u2019ouvreur. Les ench\u00e8res suivantes sont tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cis\u00e9es et pas toujours faciles \u00e0 m\u00e9moriser. Elles sont donc r\u00e9serv\u00e9es \u00e0 ceux ou celles qui veulent travailler cette s\u00e9quence avec leur partenaire pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
        \n
      • 2♠️<\/strong>\u2192 relais ou naturel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 2SA\u2192Texas Tr\u00e8fle, six cartes, faible ou fort. La rectification \u00e0 3♣️<\/strong><\/strong> est non forcing (donc, le 2♣️<\/strong><\/strong> est fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 3♣️<\/strong><\/strong>\u2192Texas Carreau, six cartes, faible ou fort. La rectification \u00e0 3♦️<\/strong><\/strong> est non forcing (donc, le 2♣️<\/strong><\/strong> est fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 3♦️<\/strong><\/strong>\u2192soutien \u00e0 C\u0153ur positif en face d\u2019une ouverture forcing de manche.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 3♥️<\/strong>\u2192soutien \u00e0 C\u0153ur positif en face d\u2019une ouverture fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 (donc plus fort).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 3♠️<\/strong>, 4♣️<\/strong><\/strong> et 4♦️<\/strong><\/strong>\u2192 Splinter, quatre cartes \u00e0 C\u0153ur, une carte utile et une courte nomm\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        <\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Qu’avez-vous pens\u00e9 de cet article d’Alain L\u00e9vy ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Partagez votre opinion avec la communaut\u00e9 en commentaire de cet article !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Le 2♦️ forcing de manche, tant d\u00e9cri\u00e9, est-il vou\u00e9 \u00e0 une mort prochaine ? Pas s\u00fbr ! On peut continuer \u00e0 l\u2019associer au 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on performante, \u00e0 condition de r\u00e9aliser quelques am\u00e9nagements. Apr\u00e8s 2♣️, la redemande naturelle \u00e0 2♥️ doit pr\u00e9parer soit une redemande fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9, soit une redemande forcing de manche. Suivez-nous attentivement et vous en serez bient\u00f4t convaincu(e) ! 1. Les diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes Les Carreaux sont la couleur mal aim\u00e9e de notre syst\u00e8me, celle qui pose probl\u00e8me. La r\u00e9ponse de 5♦️ au Blackwood est moins agr\u00e9able que celle de 5♣️, la s\u00e9quence 1♦️-1♥️-3♦️ est beaucoup\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":58183,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14921],"tags":[1565],"access":[13325],"class_list":["post-58182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cours-exercices-bridge","tag-cours-et-exercices","access-premium-plus"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":5}},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 ou forcing de manche \u00e0 C\u0153ur - Blog Funbridge<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 ou forcing de manche \u00e0 C\u0153ur - Blog Funbridge\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 2♦️ forcing de manche, tant d\u00e9cri\u00e9, est-il vou\u00e9 \u00e0 une mort prochaine ? Pas s\u00fbr ! On peut continuer \u00e0 l\u2019associer au 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on performante, \u00e0 condition de r\u00e9aliser quelques am\u00e9nagements. Apr\u00e8s 2♣️, la redemande naturelle \u00e0 2♥️ doit pr\u00e9parer soit une redemande fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9, soit une redemande forcing de manche. Suivez-nous attentivement et vous en serez bient\u00f4t convaincu(e) ! 1. Les diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes Les Carreaux sont la couleur mal aim\u00e9e de notre syst\u00e8me, celle qui pose probl\u00e8me. La r\u00e9ponse de 5♦️ au Blackwood est moins agr\u00e9able que celle de 5♣️, la s\u00e9quence 1♦️-1♥️-3♦️ est beaucoup\u2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog Funbridge\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Funbridge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-27T03:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-03T10:24:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alain L\u00e9vy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@funbridge\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@funbridge\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Alain L\u00e9vy\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alain L\u00e9vy\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/1e8a36d2186668746f34fe276f5cd1bd\"},\"headline\":\"L\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 ou forcing de manche \u00e0 C\u0153ur\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-27T03:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-03T10:24:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/\"},\"wordCount\":1485,\"commentCount\":3,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"cours et exercices\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Cours et exercices de bridge en ligne\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/funbridge.com\/blog\/fr\/the-2-clubs-opening-showing-any-semi-forcing-or-a-game-forcing-in-hearts\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019ouverture de 2♣️ fort ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 ou forcing de manche \u00e0 C\u0153ur - 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